C++11: Fixed Width Integer Macro Functions for Minimum Width Constants

C++11 added fixed width integer macro functions for minimum width constants. Here is an example:

#include <cstdint>
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
 
int main()
{
  cout << sizeof(INT8_C   (42)) << " "; // 4
  cout << sizeof(INT16_C  (42)) << " "; // 4
  cout << sizeof(INT32_C  (42)) << " "; // 4
  cout << sizeof(INT64_C  (42)) << " "; // 8
  cout << sizeof(INTMAX_C (42)) << " "; // 8
  cout << sizeof(UINT8_C  (42)) << " "; // 4
  cout << sizeof(UINT16_C (42)) << " "; // 4
  cout << sizeof(UINT32_C (42)) << " "; // 4
  cout << sizeof(UINT64_C (42)) << " "; // 8
  cout << sizeof(UINTMAX_C(42)) << " "; // 8
 
  cout << endl;
  return 0;
}
// Output: 4 4 4 8 8 4 4 4 8 8

Reference: http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/types/integer