C++11: Random Numbers

C++11 added more flexibility in generating random numbers. The system is divided into two parts: 1) A random number generator; and 2) a distribution. Each one can be set separately. Here is an example:

#include <iostream>
#include <random>
#include <vector>

std::uniform_int_distribution<int> uni_int_dist_0_9{0, 9};
std::default_random_engine         random_engine{};
const int NbrOfBins    =  10;
const int NbrOfSamples = 100;

int main()
{
  std::vector<int> histogram(NbrOfBins);
  int              sampleValue;

  for (int sample = 0; sample < NbrOfSamples; ++sample)
  {
    sampleValue             = uni_int_dist_0_9(random_engine);
    ++histogram[sampleValue];
  }

  for (int bin = 0; bin < NbrOfBins; ++bin)
  {
    std::cout << histogram[bin] << std::endl;
  }
  return 0;
}
/* Output:
    10
    6
    11
    10
    9
    9
    16
    6
    8
    15
*/

Reference: https://isocpp.org/wiki/faq/cpp11-library#std-random